[ABSTRACT] A Study on the Development of "The Natural Method" in Sweden and its Relationship with "Frivilig Gymnastik" It is said that P. H. Ling's Swedish Gymnastics were primarily conventional, formal, physical exercises, and were different from natural and sportive physical movements of today's Swedish Gymnastics. However, a new form of Gymnastikbewegung, different from anything in the past and inclusive of women and children, gradually began to emerge toward the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th. As preceding researches point out, the reform movements in 1919 and later, particularly Nordische Gymnastikbewegung, had a great influence on the subsequent advent of modem physical education systems such as Natürliches Turnen and New Physical Education. This Nordishche Gymnastikbewegung originates from "The Natural Method" generally called "frivilig gymnastik," developed after the death of P.H.Ling. "The Natural Method" was developed by the movement's leaders, principally V.G.Balck, and the concept of "frivilig gymnastik" was said to have been integrated into the development of Nordishche Gymnastikbewegung. The present research was undertaken to study what Nordishche Gymnastikbewegung actually was and how "frivilig gymnastik" and "The Natural Method" were related to each other. As the result of the research it was acknowledged that "frivillig gymnastik" and "The Natural Method" have certain common elements. "Frivilig gymnastik" was an exercise performed by students whenever they wished under the guidance of teachers, and its movements were freely expressed without strict forms. This precisely agrees with the "The Natural Method" concept emphasizing natural physical movements without many rules. Moreover, as a practical promoter of "frivillig gymnastik," V.G. Balck himself was active in introducing Swedish Gymnastics to foreign countries as the leader of an elite team and by giving demonstrations. From this it is clear that a profound relationship exists between "The Natural Method" and "frivilig gymnastik" and that after the death of P.H. Ling "The Natural Method"(mainly developed by V.G. Balck and his team), one of the two main trends of Swedish Gymnastics, exerted great influence on the development of "Nordishche Gymnastikbewegung."