[SUMMARY] Purpose : To elucidate mothers’ development of health literacy regarding child rearing in the initial six months after their first childbirth for suggestions to support the development of health literacy regarding child rearing. Method : In this qualitative descriptive study, we conducted semi-structured interviews with eight mothers to identify how they researched, considered, consulted on, and practiced child rearing in the initial six months after their first childbirth. We analyzed the data qualitatively and inductively, focusing on their health literacy development. Result : The development of health literacy regarding child rearing was classified into four core categories : 1）child rearing based on given prevailing information and guidance on infant care, 2） making informed decisions by gathering and using information and voluntary consultations triggered by interest in and anxiety about their child, 3）through undesirable experiences, realizing the growth of their child and adjusting their child-rearing techniques by considering the child’s reaction and general infants’ characteristics and growth, and 4） building relationships with others to support themselves by knowing others’ child rearing practices, encouraging each other, and realizing through trial and error that there is no perfect way to raise a child. Discussion : Mothers’ development of health literacy regarding child rearing proceeds through three primary ways : “understanding their child and grasping child-rearing techniques by observing general infants’ growth and development and their child’s individuality,” “changing their perceptions about their child and child rearing by reflecting on and finding meaning in the child’s reactions and experience,” and “focusing on problems and building relationships with others to support themselves through trial and error. ” Promoting this cycle to support the development of health literacy on child rearing is important.