Regeneration was studied for Betula ermanii forests growing at the forest limit on three high mountains of central Japan. Distribution of diameter at breast height of Betula ermanii shows a clear reverse J shape pattern, suggesting continuous regeneration. Betula ermanii at the forest limit makes stable persistent climax forests. This pattern contrasts with the regeneration of Betula ermanii within a coniferous forests: it shows discontinuous unstable regeneration followed by the climax conifers. Sprouts from stem base share high proportion among saplings ranging form 20 to 50 percent. Sprouts support a continuous regeneration of Betula ermanii in the severe environment at the forest limit: they can easily grow up to adult trees as compared with seedlings from seeds. Persistent stable climax Betula ermanii forests in central Japan is compared to the Betula pubescens forests at the northern forest limits of the Scandinavia, and they can be considered to be homologies from the viewpoint of continuous regeneration as well as physiognomic similarities.