ログイン
English
千葉大学学術成果リポジトリ
ブラウズ
著者
刊行年(西暦)
雑誌名
資料種別
ランキング
アクセスランキング
ダウンロードランキング
その他
アカデミック・リンク・センター/附属図書館HP
千葉大学HP
このアイテムのアクセス数:
162
件
(
2024-05-01
17:25 集計
)
閲覧可能ファイル
ファイル
フォーマット
サイズ
ダウンロード回数
説明
S21857148-22-P001-YOS
pdf
858 KB
69
基本情報
データ種別:学術成果リポジトリ
タイトル
ロシア、ヤマル・ネネツ自治管区における個人経営トナカイ牧畜の変遷 : 最近の公式統計に基づく若干の分析
タイトルの別表記
Recent situations in individual reindeer herding among the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District, West Siberia, Russia : Analysis based on the recent official statistics
作成者
吉田, 睦
作成者の別表記
YOSHIDA, Atsushi
内容
[ABSTRACT] The Nenets are indigenous people of Siberia, Russia, who are famous for reindeer herding. The total amount of domesticated reindeer worldwide is estimated to be about 2.5 million, and more than 2/3 (over 1.8 million) inhabit inside the Russian Federation. Among the Nenets, especially in the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District (YaNAO), the number of domesticated reindeer is about 900 thousand in recent years, which is half of all Russian domesticated reindeer. Yamal Nenets’ specific features of reindeer herding are that 3/4 of the reindeer in YaNAO are managed under individual herders, most of whom have a year-round nomadic life. This paper analyzes several aspects of the recent situation about reindeer herding in the YaNAO District on the basis of official statistics even though there are some deviations within and between central (Federal State Statistic Service, Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation) and local data (governmental statistics office of YaNAO). The striking features of the reindeer herding in YaNAO is the steady increasing trend after World War II. This may be because Tundra Nenets, who are the main actors in the reindeer herding, have continued individual herding activity throughout the 20th century with limited interference from local administration except special nomadic payments “Tundravye vyplaty” for nomadic populations from 2004 as well as official pension. Such an individual herders’ activity is typical among the three northern administrative regions: Yamal, Taz and Priural. Yamal and Taz regions are occupied by typical tundra vegetation and tundra type of reindeer herding is practiced, with relatively large amount of livestock as well as long fixed routes and large range of annual nomadic pasture for herding. Notably, in the Taz region, 80% of the reindeer are maintained under individual herders and only 20% belongs to three comparatively small municipal enterprises. The situation is a little bit different in the Yamal region where the percentage of percentage of reindeer managed under individual herders is low (about 37%) compared to the Taz region. The different situations concerning the form of reindeer herding management system between these regions, despite the similar surface landscape, may be attributed to some physical and cultural factors. Physical factors include access to local residents, guarantee of transport systems, and under such conditions, Nenets herder families can maintain ethnic identity and cultural practice. Further analysis is necessary for the objective interpretation of nomadic reindeer herding practice and the cultural situation among the Tundra Nenets in YaNAO.
ハンドルURL
https://opac.ll.chiba-u.jp/da/curator/900119493/
フルテキストへのリンク
https://opac.ll.chiba-u.jp/da/curator/900119493/S21857148-22-P001-YOS.pdf
公開者
千葉大学ユーラシア言語文化論講座
公開者の別表記
Chiba University Eurasian Society
NII資源タイプ
紀要論文
ISSN
21857148
NCID
AA11256001
掲載誌名
千葉大学ユーラシア言語文化論集 = Journal of Chiba University Eurasian Society
巻
22
開始ページ
1
終了ページ
18
刊行年月
2020-12-25
selfDOI
10.20776/S21857148-22-P1
著者版フラグ
publisher
カテゴリ
ユーラシア言語文化論集
その他の情報を表示
DCMI資源タイプ
text
ファイル形式 [IMT]
application/pdf
言語 [ISO639-2]
jpn
ホームへ戻る